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“Bath & Body Works’s briefing muddied the waters of any future litigation over the preclusive effect of the district court’s Rule 12(b)(6) patent ineligibility ruling. . . .”

Japan's business manager visa requirements have undergone a dramatic transformation since October 2025, raising the bar for foreign entrepreneurs seeking to establish operations in the country. What was once a relatively straightforward process requiring JPY 5 million in capital or two employees now demands JPY 30 million in paid-in capital, specific employee qualifications, Japanese language proficiency, and professional business plan review.

Japan has enacted sweeping amendments to its Act on the Protection of Personal Information, introducing an administrative surcharge regime with monetary penalties for data protection violations, new protections for children under 16 and biometric data, and expanded exceptions for data utilization in statistical analysis and AI development. The reforms, which take effect in stages through 2028, fundamentally reshape Japan's privacy enforcement landscape by granting the Personal Information Protection Commiss