European Union: Employee Rights/ Labour Relations

Belgium's 2025-2029 pension reform introduces significant changes to early retirement eligibility and implements a new bonus-malus system designed to incentivize longer working careers. The reforms increase the minimum working days required for pensionable years from 104 to 156 FTE days and establish financial rewards for postponing retirement beyond statutory age while penalizing early retirement with insufficient career years.

When an employment contract becomes dormant after 104 weeks of illness, does an incapacitated employee continue to accrue vacation days despite no longer receiving salary?

The EU AI Act introduces a comprehensive AI literacy obligation requiring organizations to ensure their staff possess adequate skills and knowledge for informed AI system use.

A Rotterdam District Court has submitted a preliminary question to the Supreme Court regarding whether incapacitated employees accrue holiday entitlements during dormant employment periods.

Czechia's draft EU Pay Transparency Directive legislation introduces mandatory pay system design requirements that extend far beyond basic disclosure obligations.

Each year on 1 May, several countries mark International Labour Day, recognising the contributions of workers worldwide. While often linked to a statutory day of rest, its date, legal status and protections vary.

The Court of Justice of the European Union has issued a landmark ruling in the Obadal case that fundamentally challenges Spain's approach to managing abusive temporary employment in public administrations. This judgment questions whether Spanish mechanisms for addressing irregular contract chaining meet European standards of effectiveness, proportionality, and deterrent effect, with far-reaching implications for indefinite non-permanent workers...

Luxembourg's data protection authority has issued comprehensive guidance on employee monitoring practices, addressing the legal boundaries employers must navigate when implementing surveillance measures in the workplace. The guidance clarifies permissible monitoring methods, from telephone recording and CCTV to biometric systems, while emphasizing core data protection principles that govern employer-employee relationships.

The French Competition Authority imposed a €3.4 million fine on France's largest ski instructors union for enforcing exclusivity clauses that prevented member instructors from working independently or with competing ski schools. This landmark decision extends European antitrust scrutiny to self-employed workers and professional associations, establishing new precedents for how labor market restrictions are evaluated under competition law.