Middle East: Environment

ﺔﺑوﻘﻌﻟا نأ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻲﻗارﻌﻟا ﺔﺋﯾﺑﻟا نﯾﺳﺣﺗو ﺔﯾﺎﻣﺣ نوﻧﺎﻗ نﻣ ( ٣٢ ) ةدﺎﻣﻟا تّﺻ ﻧ دارﻓﻷا عدر ﻰ

Article (32) of the Iraqi Environmental Protection and Improvement Law provides that the penalty may be a fine, imprisonment, or both. These penalties aim to deter individuals and entities that commit acts harmful to the environment and are subject to the general principles governing criminal sanctions, as is the case in most international legislations.

Egyptian labor law introduces enhanced protections for workers in hazardous industries and remote locations through Decision No. 49 of 2026, establishing additional annual leave entitlements.