Europe: Consumer Protection

The UK's Competition and Markets Authority has launched three new drip pricing investigations targeting Trainline, Virgin Atlantic, and RED Driving School, marking an escalation in its enforcement campaign against businesses that fail to display full prices upfront to consumers.

The UK's Competition and Markets Authority has launched three additional investigations into hidden fees, intensifying its enforcement campaign against drip pricing practices.

The Competition and Markets Authority has intensified its enforcement against drip pricing and misleading price presentation, securing nearly £2 million in consumer refunds and imposing almost £6.2 million in fines since new powers took effect. With three new investigations launched—including one into Trainline—businesses face heightened scrutiny over how they present mandatory fees and charges to consumers.

Parents seeking to accompany their child studying at an independent UK school face specific visa requirements and restrictions. Understanding the eligibility criteria, financial thresholds, and application process is essential for those considering this immigration route. What are the key requirements and limitations that parents must navigate when applying for this specialized visa category?

A Swiss student permit motivation letter or study plan is not judged like a school admissions essay. For many non-EU/EFTA applicants, the key immigration question is whether the whole file tells a coherent education story: why this applicant needs this specific Swiss programme now, how it is funded, and why the immediate purpose of stay is genuine study rather than employment or settlement.

The University of Glasgow launches a pioneering MedTech Innovation Masters programme this September, designed to bridge the gap between healthcare, technology, and business. Developed in partnership with NHS Greater Glasgow & Clyde and industry leaders, the course addresses practical challenges including regulation, commercialisation, and intellectual property strategy for medical technology innovators.

Le droit de rétractation est un outil de protection essentiel dans les contrats conclus hors établissement. Mais son point de départ varie selon la nature du contrat : prestation de service ou vente de bien

Since our last podcast in July 2025, which covered the key features of the UK's enhanced consumer protection regime introduced under the Digital Markets, Competition and Consumers Act...

Dünyadaki diğer hukuk sistemlerinde ülkemize kıyasla daha erken tarihlerde gelişim gösteren genel işlem koşulları, sözleşmenin güçsüz tarafını, güçlü tarafça kendisine dayatılan uzun, karmaşık ve matbu sözleşme metinlerinin yorumlanması bakımından korumaya yönelik bir yasal düzenleme niteliği taşımaktadır. Türk hukukuna görece geç dahil olan bu yaklaşımın ilk yasal düzenlemesi, 4077 sayılı mülga Tüketicinin Korunması Hakkında Kanun’a 4822 sayılı Kanun ile 6 Mart 2003 tarihinde eklenen ve “Sözleşmedeki Haksız Şartlar” kenar başlığını taşıyan 6. maddede yer almıştır.

Romanian regulators are intensifying enforcement of influencer marketing rules, particularly for health-related products. Recent decisions reveal that even creators with modest followings may be classified...

The Financial Ombudsman Service has announced the next phase of its service reforms, introducing changes that will impact how financial disputes are handled and resolved. These reforms represent a significant shift in the organization's approach to consumer complaints and case management.

The UK's Competition and Markets Authority has launched three new drip pricing investigations targeting Trainline, Virgin Atlantic, and RED Driving School, marking an escalation in its enforcement campaign against businesses that fail to display full prices upfront to consumers.