European Union: Corporate/Commercial Law

When an employee is forced to return shares as a 'bad leaver' under a participation plan, Dutch tax authorities now require box 2 taxation based on market value rather than the contractual return price. This creates a significant tax liability without any actual payment received, raising questions about compensation possibilities through negative wage deductions and the broader implications for employee participation schemes.

Luxembourg is introducing significant changes to its stock option taxation framework, establishing a new statutory regime while codifying treatment under ordinary rules.

In the investment world, carried interest isn't just a reward, it's a strategic tool for aligning the interests of fund managers and investors, and Luxembourg offers unique advantages for structuring it efficiently.

El Tribunal Supremo establece criterios rigurosos sobre cómo deben fundamentarse los recursos de casación laboral, exigiendo precisión técnica en la cita de infracciones legales y argumentación detallada. La Sala advierte que la mera enumeración de preceptos sin explicar su vulneración conduce a la desestimación, aunque aplica un criterio flexible cuando el recurso permite identificar inequívocamente la infracción denunciada.

El Tribunal Económico-Administrativo Central establece un nuevo criterio sobre el plazo de prescripción aplicable para exigir devoluciones derivadas de resoluciones estimatorias firmes cuando ya se ha dictado acuerdo de ejecución. La resolución analiza si el plazo aplicable es el tributario de cuatro años o el civil de cinco años, diferenciando la naturaleza jurídica del acuerdo de ejecución frente al derecho reconocido en la resolución administrativa.

The Belgian Council of State has issued a landmark judgment clarifying the obligations of both contracting authorities and tenderers under the EU's Foreign Subsidies Regulation in public procurement procedures. This ruling addresses a high-value casino concession dispute and establishes critical compliance requirements that could invalidate awarding decisions if not properly followed.

Directors of Cyprus companies are not automatically liable for company debts simply by virtue of holding office, as the company exists as a separate legal person. However, personal liability can arise through guarantees, personal undertakings, fraudulent conduct, misapplication of company assets, or specific statutory provisions relating to tax, VAT and social insurance.

German corporate group law grapples with a fundamental tension: reconciling the economic interests of a corporate group as a unified entity with the legal principle that each group company operates as an independent legal entity with distinct interests.

German corporate law faces a fundamental challenge in balancing the economic interests of a corporate group with the legal principle that each subsidiary remains an independent legal entity. This article examines how the concept of 'group interest' (Konzerninteresse) operates within different corporate structures, exploring the tension between centralized group management and the protection of dependent companies, minority shareholders, and creditors.

¿Puede el registrador mercantil nombrar un experto independiente para valorar participaciones cuando existe controversia sobre la existencia del derecho de separación de un socio? El Tribunal Supremo delimita las competencias del registrador en estos procedimientos y establece cuándo debe suspenderse su actuación.

Directors of Cyprus companies are not automatically liable for company debts simply by virtue of holding office, as the company exists as a separate legal person. However, personal liability can arise through guarantees, personal undertakings, fraudulent conduct, misapplication of company assets, or specific statutory provisions relating to tax, VAT and social insurance.

När ett företag försätts i konkurs glöms ofta företagets mest värdefulla tillgång bort: varumärket och de immateriella rättigheterna. Ett starkt varumärke dör inte bara för att det juridiska bolaget gör det, utan representerar ett enormt dolt värde som kan räddas, säljas och återuppstå i ny regi.